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(No ModeL) J. J. KRAUS.

MOBTISING "M- GHINR No. 306,404. Patented Oct. 14, 1884.

Wifqesses;

N. PETERS. Pnmu-Limu r. wm'l-gm ucf v QrosmirrJ. Keane, or rrrrsvnitn,Wisconsin.

MORTISINQ-MACHINEV fiSPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNcieoaeioe', dated @ctober 14, 1884.

application filed March 8, N84. (No model.)

ville, in the county'of WVo'od and State of we.

cousin, have invented a new and .usefnlIInprovement in Macljiines forRelnortising and Finishing Carriage-Hubs, of which the follow ing is aspecification. My invention relates to improvements in re- 1nort1s1ngand finishing the outer surface of 7, wood carriage-hubs around saidmortises after they have become tliioroughly seasoned, theybelngmanufactured from logs of'the proper .diamete and required lengthfor the hub desired by being iirst bored for the insertion of the axle,their outer surface then turned to the size desired, then bored andmortised for the reception of the spokes, after which they are steamedand dried. Itis wellknown that the two latter processes materiallychange their form and sizeand the size of their 1nortises one from theother. i

My invention consists of mechanism for the manufacture of hubs havingtheir mortises for the reception of spokes of uniform width, one endthereof being formed at such uniform an gle with the face or outward endof the hub that upon the insertion of spokes therein a uniform dish ofthe wheel of the desired the mechanism illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is afront elevation of the entire machine.Fig; 2 is a plan of thesaine below the lines 50, Fig. 1, the parts outby said line being in section. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the rotarycutting inechai'l'isrn as'viewed from the rearofliigs. land 2 in itsapplication to the frame. Fig, 4 is a vertical section of the'c'lanipil'ig-plate under which the hubs are retained for theactionthereon of thecuttingtools, and the rateliiet-wheel and lever forredvO1-ee1 the sameyand showing the manner of their application to thespindlcf. Fig. 5is a plan of the chuck in which the hubs are placed forthe operation of the cutters thereon. Fig.

wheel, and lever, (referred to in Fig. 4,) and for acting upon thespring 0, Fig. has will "be hereinafter explained. Fig? is a verticalparts in connection with it, upon the line at m of Fig. 2; and Fig. 8 isa plan of the lower flange or plate forming the cutter-head.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre- A represents the frame ofthe machine, supported upon the legs a a, secured to it, and which ispreferably made of cast-iron, to which is attached the mechanismcomposing this invention. p

B is a standard having a base, I), and resting upon the ways a, saidways being formed upon the surface of the frame A. I

C G are brackets attached to the standard I) is a hub-chuck supportedand revolving freely upon its shaft d in thebracket 0'. Upon the upperextremity of said shaft is the plate cl and ways (1", said ways being atright an e is a screw-shaft revoluble in the bearing 0, and preventedfrom longitudinalmovement therein by collars A portion of said shaft hasformed upon one extremity a right-hand thread of similar pitch.

Sliding upon ways d are jaws d, having corresponding threads engagingwith it, and are simultaneously and equally moved to and from producedby a wrench in the hands of the operator and applied to either endthereof. Above said chuck in the bracket G and in axial 1 line therewithis the spindle f, having vertical in being prevented by a spline andfeather.

L F is a plate having a hub bored to fit loosely the lower extremity ofsaid spindle, and upon 'which'is fitted the lever h and theratchetmovenient insaid bracket, its revolution there- 9 and secured,and in which they are revolved '6 is a plan of the clamping-plate,ratchetthe wedge-shaped lug 0', attached to the latter,

section of the connection-pin block, and the 6o sponding parts in theseveral views. v

B by bolts, and adjustable thereon. 7 5

gles with the vertical plane of the shaft d,- v d and upon the oppositeextremity a left-hand each other upon the ways (I by its revolution I,

wheel 11', the latter lj eing secured to the hub 10o aforesaid by thesetscrew-h, extending through said hub and into a groove in the lowerextremity of the spindle f, allowing the free revolution of said plate,the lever,*and ratchetwheel, but retaining them securely upon thespindlef, as shown in Fig. 4. In the lower face of the plate F are spursf which enter the upper end of the hub E and retain it firmly in itsposition upon the chuck D, said plate being forced down upon the hubbythe action of a screw engaging with the upper extremity of the spindle fand operated by the handwheel f G is a hand-wheel secured to theextremity of the shaft 9, said shaft passing transversely through theframe A, and having secured to it a pinion which engages with the teethof the rack g, said rack being attached to the base 5 of the standard B.The revolution of the wheel G by the operator causes the standard B andits attachments to be moved upon the ways a, as required, for advancingto the cutting-tools and removing therefrom the hub E, contained in. thechuck D. The ratchet-wheel His secured to the upper extremity of the hubof the plate F and revolves with it, below which and fitting looselythereon is the handlever h, its backward movement thereon being limitedby the spring 0, and its forward move inent causing the engagement ofthe springratchet h with the teeth of wheel H, revolving it, the plate Fand hub E. Secured to the bracket 0 is a spring, 0, its lower extremitybent into a horizontal. position, and in its normal position entering amortise of the hub E.

0 is awedge-shaped lug adjustably attached to the lever h, which uponthe engagement of its angular point with the spring 0, as the lever h isoscillated to its backward limit, disengages the spring a from itsmortise and retains it thus during a portion of the forward movement ofsaid lever, and presenting the lower extremity of the spring forentrance into the approaching mortise as the hub is revolved in thedirection of the arrow.

, K is a bar fulcrumed upon a pin in the standard L,and having means forthe vertical adjustment of said pin, the opposite end of the aforesaidbar having also means for its vertical movement upon the standard L.

Upon the bar K are bearings t" 1", through which is reciprocated, by therevolutions of the crank-wheel J, the rod I, said rod having secured inone extremity thereof the mortising-tool i. By means of the verticaladjustment of the ends of the bar K the angle at which themortising-tool i is presented to the hub may be varied as required forproducing the required dish to the wheel.

The connection-pin blockj, Fig. 7, is formed from a single piece ofsteel bored for the reception of the rod I, and a slot, j, cut throughit from said bore to its outer surface, a bolt, j, clamping the partthus slotted tightly upon the rod I. Upon loosening the bolt the rod Imay be revolvedtherein, as required, and

also moved longitudinally for the purpose of adjusting themortising-tool i in its relation to theliub being operated upon. Saidblock j also serves as aguide for the reciprocating rod I, its rearportion being extended and slidingin a slot through the bar K andbetweenthe guides j, adjustable upon and se cured to said bar.

Attached to the base I) of the sliding standard B is a wedge-formedpiece, 0.

m is a bell-crank lever fulcrumed upon the bolt m", the outwardextremity of its horizon tal arm engaging with the wedge-piece 0 as thestandard 13 is brought forward to the position required for the actionof the mortisingtool 11 upon the hub E. In the upper extremity of itsvertical arm isa slot, Z, formed at an angle therewith,and incliningtoward the outward extremity of its horizontal arm.

Passing through the bar K is the spade-handle bolt Z, having check-nuts'n n for its vertical adjustment therein, its lower extremity beingconnected to the slot Zby a pin, a.

Connected to the horizontal arm of the lever m, near-its extremity, is aweight, p, its effect being to depress said arm and elevate thatextremity of the bar K in connection with. said lever, and also themortising tool i, to its highest limit. As the sliding standard B ismoved into the required position for action upon the hub of themortising-tool, the gage o limiting said movement, the extremity of thehorizontal arm-is raised by the wedge 0, thus bringing said tool to itslowest limit, said limit beingaccurately governed by the screw andcheck-nut Z ,and thereby gradually bringing the cutting-tool i to itslowest limit within the mortise, andforming their ends at the angle withtheir face or lower end of the hub required to produce the desired dishto th wheel. s

In the rear of the hub E and secured to the standard 13 is a bracket, b,having a socket in which is the oscillating gage I), said gage beingadjustable vertically therein by means of a screw in the lower extremityof said socket. The outward extremity of the gage is bent to the formrequired for its entrance 7 into and engagement with the upper end of amortise, thereby gaging its height relative to the mortising-tool, thatthey may be formed alike in the hubs one with another for the receptionof spoke-tenons of a uniform width. The hubs are adjusted vertically, asrequired, for this purpose by the hand-wheel d".

Q, Figs. 1 and 2, is a plate having ears projecting from its face. R isa frame having journals therein, in which is supported and revolved theshaft 1'. Said shaft has near its upper extremity the cutter-headflanges s t, and fitting the space between its bearings the pulley a,which is secured thereto by a setscrew, and serves as a collar forpreventing the shaft from vertical movement consequent upon-the actionof the belt a, by which it is 'revolved'froni the pulley it upon thecrank- I the plate Q, by the position 0 to hubs having 'inthe positionof 'sition and the other one ad secured to their i and having the lowUpon loosening said sci'ewthe sl'ujtf't and the cutter-heads areadjusted vertically by n'ieans of the set-screw r.'

The frame It is connected with the ears of links 1 and pins 20, andpermits f the cutter-head to he changed ilroina right motion of themortisingtool to that shown in dotted. lines, for thepnrpose of itsapplication any number of niortises not fOLll,-2lll(l also permits achange the connectingpin w, by is connected to the link 9 n of itsdriving-belt a will divisible by which the frame R whereby the tensiokeep the cutters from contact-with the hub E until their action is desired, when a slight pull by the operator upon the handle r brings them toit for their action in the formation of seatsupou the outer surface ofthe mortises. The pivotal point of the frameethe pin w-is retained inthe position required by the slot ted'sleeve-link s, journaled upon it,and secured to the plate Q by a bolt, The advancement of the cutter headtoward the huh is limited to its required diameter bya set- I screwbetwe en the lowerpart of framesA and Q. I

Gutter-heads constructed in various methods can be used for theformation of spokeseats upon the hubs, but one formed as described ispreferred as being more quickly and :iiccurately adapted to the requiredwidth of spoke. It is formed of two plates or flanges having, upon oneside of each, ears to which are secured cutters c n, and having alsogrooves in which are secured the side cutters, g/ y. Said flanges aresecured to the-shaft, as shown in. Fig. 3, the lower one in a fixed po-'ustable by means of nuts z. I

. The cutter-flanges s and t are so formed and shaft that the outeredges of the cutters h of the plate 8 will overlap those etc in theplate t, whereby the width of cut U which they make can be varied fromnear the width of the cutters n or h to that of their combined width.

The operation of the several parts is as follows: The different partsbeing adjusted for the length and diameter of hub, the width of mortise,their number and angle of their ends for the. dish required, and thewidth of the spoke-seats, a hub is placed upon the ways (Z or the lowersurface of the jaws d", as'its size requires, and upon its face'oroutward end, er extremity of the spring 0 entering a mortise. It issecured upon the chuck by turning the screw c and clamping-it within thejaws cl". By turning the hand wheelf it is firmly held therein for theoperation of the cutting-tools. l'tis then advanced to themortising-tool' by revolving the handwheel G, the mortise formed, therotary cutters advanced, and spoke-seat iori'ncd, the cutter-headreturning to its non-cutting position by the tension ol'its belt. Thestandard B is spoke angle with the vertical plane of zontal direction,and ha then rec ded from the mortising'tool', the hub revolvtzsduntilthe spring enters the adjoining mortise, and the operation repeateduntil all arebrouglilt to the cutting-tools for action thereon, when the11 inserted, and the operation continued, as de scribed.

Having thus, described my invention, whatI claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. In a machine for renmrtising carriagel'lllbS, a sliding standard,with means, substantiallyas described, for its movement in ahoriving achuck withjaws adapted to center and secure a hub therein in a verticalposition, and having in axial line therewith a clampingdisk, both chuckand disk being vertically adjustable and adapted to rotatesnljistantially as described, the disk having a ratchetwheel. and paw].and a lever for its rotation, and, in combination, a cylindricalniortisingtool holder and hearings in which it is reciprocated, saidbearings being vertically adjustable upon standards to which they areconnected, whereby the angle at which the mortises are l'orn'ied in thehub will produce the reql'iired dish to the wheel, substan tially assctforth. u,

2. 'In a machine for remortising carriage hubs, a sliding standard, withmeans, substan tially as described, for its movementinahorizontal directi on, and havi ng a chuck with jaws adapted to center and s avertical position, and therewith a c'lai'nping-d disk being vertical torotate substantially as described, the disk having a ratchet-wlileel andpawl and a lever for its rotation, a spring secured above the lelver andlimiting its backward movement, the lower extremity of the spring in itsnormal position entering a mortise of the hub, a lug upi on thelever-engaging with the spring near the limit of its backward movement,releasing itfrom the mortise and retaining it thus during a sufiicientportion of the forward rotary motion of the hub to prevent its return tosaid mortise, and, in combination, a cylindrical mortisingtool. holderand bear it is reciprocated, said bearings being vertically adj ustablcupon standards to which they are connected,whereby thcaugle at which themortises are formed in the hub will produce the required dish tothewhcel, substantially as described.

In a machine for rel'nortising carriagehubs, a sliding standard, withmeans, substantially as described, for its movcmentin a horh zontaldirection, and having a chuck with jaws adapted to center and securcahub therein in a vertical position, and having in axial line therewith aclamping-disk, both chuck and disk being vertically adjustableandadapted, to rotate sulj stantially as described, the disk having aratchet-wheel and pawl and a leveri'or its rotation, and, incombination, a

having in axial line isk, both chuck and ings in which nb is removed,another ecure a hub therein in 1y adj ustablc and adapted l cylindricallnortising-tool holder and bearings in which it is reciprocated, saidbearings being vertically adjustable which they are connected, wherebythe angle at which the mortises are formed in the hub will produce therequired dish to the wheel,

upon standards to said angle having a gradual and definite increaseproduced by the'advancing movement toward the mortising-tool carried bysaid holder of the standard aforesaid, substantially as shown and setforth.

4. In a machine for reinortising carriage hubs, a sliding standard,withmeans, substantiallyas described, for its movement in a horizontaldirection, and having a chuck with jaws adapted to center and secure ahub therein in a vertical position, and having in axial line therewith aclamping disk, both chuck and disk being vertically adjustable andadapted to. rotate substantially as set forth, the disk having aratchet-wheel and pawl and a lever for its rotation, and, incombination, a cylindrical mortising-tool holder and bearings in whichit is reciprocated, said bearings being vertically adjustable uponstandards to which they are connected,w11ereby the angle at which themortises are formed in the hub will produce the required dish to thewheel, and also, in combination, a cutterhead secured upon a verticalshaft, and adjustable vertically for its adaptation to thehub-inortises, and in its normal position not in contact with them, butadapted to be advanced .to and receded from each hub-mortise in a planeat right angles tolthe longitude of the hub, substantially as described.

5. In a machine for relnortising carriagehubs, a sliding standard,withmeans, substantially as described, for its movement in a hori- 4O zontal.direction, and having a chuck with soleao ,7

, the outer edge of the jaws adapted to center and secure a hub there inin a vertical position, and having in axial line therewith aclamping-disk, both chuck and disk being vertically adjustable andadapted to rotate substantially as set forth, the disk having aratchet-wheel and pawl and a lever for its rotation, and, incombination, a cylindrical mortising'tool holder and bearings in whichit is recipro'cated, said bearings being vertically adjustable uponstandards to which they are connected,whereby the angle at which themortises are formed in the hub will produce the required dish to thewheel, and also, in combination, a cutter-head formed of two disks orflanges, s 16, one, as t, secured to a shaft in a fixed position, theother, 8, adjustable thereon, each having similar cutters, v and 3/,upon their adjacent sides, the former having grooves, the latter theshoulders thereof, grooving-cutters of one disk overlapping those of theother when placed in position upon their shaft, whereby the width ofcutproduced thereby may be adjusted for various width of spokes,substantially as shown and set forth.

6. A cylindrical mortising-tool holder and bearings in which it isreciprocated, and, in combination, a clamp secured thereonbycompression, in which said tool-holder may be adjusted in a rotary orlongitudinal direction, said clamp having a connection pin for itsconnection to the crank-shaft, and also having adjustable guiding-wayswithin which it is guided and reciprocated, substantially as shown andset forth.

JOSEPH J. KRAUS.

itncsse s:

O'RIN GREY, B. H. TARBOX.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 306,404, grantedOctober 14, 1884,

upon the application of Joseph J. Kraus, of Pittsville, Wisconsin, foran inprovement in Mortisiug-Maehines, an error appears in the printedspecification requiring the following correction, viz: In the lines58-59, page 4, the word having should read forming; and that the LetterePatent should be read with this correction therein to make it conform tothe record of the casein the Patent Office.

Signed, conntersigned, and sealed this 4th day of November, A. 1). 1884.

[SEAL] M. L. JOSLYN,

Acting Secretary of the Interior. Conntersigned H. H. Buns,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

